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This page covers the various scenarios of what you need to
operate Robinson helicopters. It includes the special training
& experience requirements
of SFAR73 as well as sample endorsements for flight instructors
providing SFAR73 training.
Student Pilots - What you need...
Prior to manipulating R22/44
controls - Awareness training - 1st endorsement
Prior to solo
- SFAR Flight Training within preceeding 90 days
- 20 hours dual
- Awareness Training - recommended - 2nd endorsement
Prior to acting as a private
pilot
- SFAR Flight Training
- Awareness Training - recommended
Checkouts for Existing Pilots - What you need...
R22 Checkouts: Awareness Training prior to manipulating
the controls then...
Pilots
less than 200 hours total helicopter / 50 hours R22
- SFAR Flight Training
- 10 hours dual instruction
- Special Annual flight review in an R22
Pilots
with more than 200hr total helicopter / 50 hours R22
- Biennial flight review in an R22
R44 Checkouts: Awareness Training prior to manipulating
the controls then...
Pilots
less than 200 hours total helicopter / 50 hours R44 (25 hrs R22 can be
credited to the 50hr requirement)
- SFAR Flight Training
- 10 hours dual instruction in a Robinson Helicopter
- 5 hours dual instruction in an R44
- Special Annual flight review in an R44
Pilots
with more than 200hr total helicopter / 50 hours R44 (25 hrs R22 can be credited to the 50hr
requirement)
- Biennial flight review in an R44
To act as flight instructor...
- 200 hours total with 50 hrs R22 or R44
- Endorsement from authorized DPE or FAA Inspector
- Awareness Training/Flight Training
Text of the SFAR 73
1. Applicability.
Under the procedures
prescribed herein, this SFAR applies to all persons who seek to
manipulate the controls or act as pilot in command of a Robinson model
R-22 or R-44 helicopter. The requirements stated in this SFAR are in
addition to the current requirements of part 61.
2. Required training, aeronautical
experience, endorsements, and flight review.
(a)
Awareness Training:
(1) Except as
provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, no person may manipulate
the controls of a Robinson model R-22 or R-44 helicopter after March
27, 1995, for the purpose of flight unless the awareness training
specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section is completed and the
person's logbook has been endorsed by a certificated flight instructor
authorized under paragraph (b)(5) of this section.
(2) A person who holds a rotorcraft category and
helicopter class rating on that person's pilot certificate and meets
the experience requirements of paragraph (b)(1) or paragraph (b)(2) of
this section may not manipulate the controls of a Robinson model R-22
or R-44 helicopter for the purpose of flight after April 26, 1995,
unless the awareness training specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this
section is completed and the person's logbook has been endorsed by a
certificated flight instructor authorized under paragraph (b)(5) of
this
section.
(3) Awareness training must be conducted by a
certificated flight instructor who has been endorsed under paragraph
(b)(5) of this section and consists of instruction in the following
general subject areas:
(i) Energy
management;
(ii) Mast bumping;
(iii) Low rotor RPM (blade stall);
(iv) Low G hazards; and
(v) Rotor RPM decay.
(4) A person who can show satisfactory completion of
the manufacturer's safety course after January 1, 1994, may obtain an
endorsement from an FAA aviation safety inspector in lieu of completing
the awareness training required in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this
section.
(b) Aeronautical
Experience:
(1) No person may act
as pilot in command of a Robinson model R-22 unless that person:
(i) Has had at least
200 flight hours in helicopters, at least 50 flight hours of which were
in the Robinson R-22; or
(ii) Has had at least 10 hours dual instruction in
the Robinson R-22 and has received an endorsement from a certificated
flight instructor authorized under paragraph (b)(5) of this section
that the individual has been given the training required by this
paragraph and is proficient to act as pilot in command of an R-22.
Beginning 12 calendar months after the date of the endorsement, the
individual may not act as pilot in command unless the individual has
completed a flight review in an R-22 within the preceding 12 calendar
months and obtained an endorsement for that flight review. The dual
instruction must include at least the following abnormal and emergency
procedures flight training:
(A) Enhanced training
in autorotation procedures,
(B) Engine rotor RPM control without the use of the
governor,
(C) Low rotor RPM recognition and recovery, and
(D) Effects of low G maneuvers and proper recovery
procedures.
(2) No person may act as pilot in command of a
Robinson R-44 unless that person --
(i) Has had at least
200 flight hours in helicopters, at least 50 flight hours of which were
in the Robinson R-44. The pilot in command may credit up to 25 flight
hours in the Robinson R-22 toward the 50 hour requirement in the
Robinson R-44; or
(ii) Has had at least 10 hours dual instruction in a
Robinson helicopter, at least 5 hours of which must have been
accomplished in the Robinson R-44 helicopter and has received an
endorsement from a certificated flight instructor authorized under
paragraph (b)(5) of this section that the individual has been given the
training required by this paragraph and is proficient to act as pilot
in command of an R-44. Beginning 12 calendar months after the date of
the endorsement, the individual may not act as pilot in command unless
the individual has completed a flight review in a Robinson R-44 within
the preceding 12 calendar months and obtained an endorsement for that
flight review. The dual instruction must include at least the following
abnormal and emergency procedures flight training --
(A) Enhanced training
in autorotation procedures;
(B) Engine rotor RPM control without the use of the
governor;
(C) Low rotor RPM recognition and recovery; and
(D) Effects of low G maneuvers and proper recovery
procedures.
(3) A person who does not hold a rotorcraft category
and helicopter class rating must have had at least 20 hours of dual
instruction in a Robinson R-22 helicopter prior to operating it in solo
flight. In addition, the person must obtain an endorsement from a
certificated flight instructor authorized under paragraph (b)(5) of
this
section that instruction has been given in those maneuvers and
procedures, and the instructor has found the applicant proficient to
solo a Robinson R-22. This endorsement is valid for a period of 90
days. The dual instruction must include at least the following abnormal
and emergency procedures flight training:
(i) Enhanced training
in autorotation procedures,
(ii) Engine rotor RPM control without the use of the
governor,
(iii) Low rotor RPM recognition and recovery, and
(iv) Effects of low G maneuvers and proper recovery
procedures.
(4) A person who does not hold a rotorcraft category
and helicopter class rating must have had at least 20 hours of dual
instruction in a Robinson R-44 helicopter prior to operating it in solo
flight. In addition, the person must obtain an endorsement from a
certificated flight instructor authorized under paragraph (b)(5) of
this
section that instruction has been given in those maneuvers and
procedures, and the instructor has found the applicant proficient to
solo a Robinson R-44. This endorsement is valid for a period of 90
days. The dual instruction must include at least the following abnormal
and emergency procedures flight training:
(i) Enhanced training
in autorotation procedures,
(ii) Engine rotor RPM control without the use of the
governor,
(iii) Low rotor RPM recognition and recovery, and
(iv) Effects of low G maneuvers and proper recovery
procedures.
(5) No certificated flight instructor may provide
instruction or conduct a flight review in a Robinson R-22 or R-44
unless that instructor --
(i) Completes the
awareness training in paragraph 2(a) of this SFAR.
(ii) For the Robinson R-22, has had at least 200
flight hours in helicopters, at least 50 flight hours of which were in
the Robinson R-22, or for the Robinson R-44, has had at least 200
flight hours in helicopters, 50 flight hours of which were in Robinson
helicopters. Up to 25 flight hours of Robinson R-22 flight time may be
credited toward the 50 hour requirement.
(iii) Has completed flight training in a Robinson
R-22, R-44, or both, on the following abnormal and emergency procedures
(A) Enhanced training
in autorotation procedures;
(B) Engine rotor RPM control without the use of the
governor;
(C) Low rotor RPM recognition and recovery; and
(D) Effects of low G maneuvers and proper recovery
procedures.
(iv) Has been authorized by endorsement from an FAA
aviation safety inspector or authorized designated examiner that the
instructor has completed the appropriate training, meets the experience
requirements and has satisfactorily demonstrated an ability to provide
instruction on the general subject areas of paragraph 2(a)(3) of this
SFAR, and the flight training identified in paragraph 2(b)(5)(iii) of
this SFAR.
(c) Flight Review:
(1) No flight review
completed to satisfy §61.56 by an individual after becoming
eligible to function as pilot in command in a Robinson R-22 helicopter
shall be valid for the operation of R-22 helicopter unless that flight
review was taken in an R-22.
(2) No flight review completed to satisfy §61.56
by individual after becoming eligible to function as pilot in command
in a Robinson R-44 helicopter shall be valid for the operation of R-44
helicopter unless that flight review was taken in the R-44.
(3) The flight review will include a review of the
awareness training subject areas of paragraph 2(a)(3) of this SFAR and
the flight training identified in paragraph 2(b) of this SFAR.
(d) Currency
Requirements:
No person may act as
pilot in command of a Robinson model R-22 or R-44 helicopter carrying
passengers unless the pilot in command has met the recency of flight
experience requirements of §61.57 in an R-22 or R-44, as
appropriate.
3. Expiration date.
This SFAR terminates
on March 31, 2008, unless sooner superceded or rescinded.
Sample Endorsements
Awareness
Training Endorsement SFAR 73
I certify that ________________has received the Awareness Training
required by SFAR 73 paragraph 2 (a) (3) (i-v) for the Robinson R22(or
R44) on date___________. |
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Endorsement
for R22 - Pilots not holding Rotorcraft rating
I certify that _______________meets the experience
requirements of 2(b)(3) and has been given training specified by SFAR
73 paragraph 2(b)(3)(i-iii). The pilot has been found
proficient to solo the R22.
Endorsement
for R44 - Pilots not holding Rotorcraft rating
I certify that _______________meets the experience
requirements of 2(b)(3) and has been given training specified by SFAR
73 paragraph 2(b)(4)(i-iii). The pilot has been found
proficient to solo the R44.
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Endorsement for R22 - Pilots who do not have
200 flight hours helicopter/50 flight hours Robinson R22 SFAR 73
I certify that
_______________has been given training specified by SFAR 73
(2)(b)(1)(ii)(A-D) for the Robinson R22 aircraft and is
proficient to act as a pilot in command. An annual flight review
must be completed unless the requirements of SFAR 73 (2) (b)(1)(i) are
met.
Endorsement for R44 - Pilots who do not have
200 flight hours helicopter/50 flight hours Robinson R22 SFAR 73
I certify that
_______________has been given training specified by SFAR 73
(2)(b)(2)(ii)(A-D) for the Robinson R44 aircraft and is
proficient to act as a pilot in command. An annual flight review
must be completed unless the requirements of SFAR 73 (2) (b)(2)(i) are
met.
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Flight Review -
R22
Mr/Ms ____________________ holder of ______________ Pilot Certificate
Number ___________, has satisfactorily completed the Flight Review
required by FAR 61.56 and SFAR73, Section 2(c)(1) and (3) in an R22 on
__________________.
Flight Review -
R44
Mr/Ms ____________________ holder of ______________ Pilot Certificate
Number ___________, has satisfactorily completed the Flight Review
required by FAR 61.56 and SFAR73, Section 2(c)(2) and (3) in an R44 on
__________________.
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Flight
Instructor
I certify that ________________________, holder of Flight Instructor
Certificate Number_______________, meets the experience requirements
and has completed the flight training specified by Section
2(b)(5)(i-iii)(A-D), and has demonstrated an ability to provide
instruction on the general subject areas of Section 2(a)(3) and the
flight training identified in Section 2(b)(5)(iii) in a Robinson ____
helicopter.
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